[目的/意义] 量子科技作为国家科技竞争的核心领域之一,解析政策驱动下中国量子研究的主题演化规律及路径对优化学术布局与政策制定具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 结合相关科技政策,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中10558篇中国量子领域文献为数据来源,构建LDA-SciBERT模型并引入主题热度指标体系,梳理中国量子研究主题的演化路径与政策引导作用。[结果/结论] 量子通信长期处于主导地位,量子计算与精密测量等新兴主题快速崛起并呈现多领域融合趋势;量子科技政策从基础研究逐步扩展到基础研究与应用研究并重;在相关政策引导下,中国量子研究逐步从基础研究向应用导向转变,展现出主题演化与政策方向密切相关。
Abstract
[Objective/Significance] As one of the core areas in national scientific and technological competition, analyzing the theme evolution rules and paths of China’s quantum research driven by policies is of great significance for optimizing academic layout and policy-making. [Method/Process] Drawing on relevant science and technology policies, this study utilizes 10558 Chinese quantum research articles from the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source. An LDA-SciBERT model is constructed and a topic heat indicator system is introduced to trace the evolution of research themes in China’s quantum studies and to examine the guiding role of policy in shaping research directions. [Results/Conclusions] Quantum communication has long dominated research, while emerging themes such as quantum computing and precision measurement have rapidly risen and shown a trend of multi-field integration. Quantum science and technology policies have gradually expanded from basic research to attaching equal importance to basic and applied research. Guided by relevant policies, China’s quantum research has gradually shifted from basic research to application orientation, demonstrating a high correlation between theme evolution and policy directions.
Liang Baolong, Pan Yuxin, Liang Han, Hou Haiyan.
Analysis of Theme Evolution and Path of China’s Quantum Research Driven by Policiesz[J].
Science Focus, 2025, 20(4): 23-41 DOI:10.15978/j.cnki.1673-5668.20250108
本文的研究对象为中国学者在Web of Science核心合集上发表的量子领域相关文献。检索式借鉴前人研究[20-22],构成检索式如下:TS=(“Quantum Information Technology” OR “Quantum Cryptography” OR “Quantum Communication” OR “Quantum Computing” OR “Quantum Simulation” OR “Quantum Metrology” OR “Physical Basis of Quantum Information” OR “Quantum Precision Measurement” OR “Quantum Measurement” OR “Quantum Networks” OR “Quantum Algorithms” OR “Quantum Circuits” OR “Quantum Processors” OR “Quantum Error Correction” OR “Quantum Transmission” OR “Quantum Encryption” OR “Quantum Computers” OR “Quantum Information Storage” OR “Quantum Sensors” OR “Quantum Imaging” OR “Quantum Navigation” OR “Quantum Coding” OR “Quantum Key Distribution” OR “QKD" OR “Qubits” OR “Quantum Keys” OR “Quantum Machine Learning” OR “Quantum Annealing” OR “Quantum Neural Networks” OR “Quantum Storage” OR “Quantum Imaging” OR “Quantum Logic” OR “Quantum Vector Machines” OR “Quantum Protocols” OR “Quantum Entanglement” OR “Quantum Superposition” OR “Quantum Satellites” OR “Quantum Capacity” OR “Quantum Correlation” OR “Quantum Compression” OR “Quantum Positioning”),文献类型选择“article”和“proceeding paper”,时间跨度选取2004—2024年,检索日期为2024年6月25日,来源国家选择“China”,导出全部信息,去除重复和摘要缺失的文献,共得到10558篇有效文献。具体清洗过程见图1中数据清洗部分。
$N_{\mathrm{CS}, i, j}=\frac{v\left(t_{i}\right) \cdot v\left(t_{j}\right)}{\left\|v\left(t_{i}\right)\right\| \cdot\left\|v\left(t_{j}\right)\right\|}$
式中:$\left\|v\left(t_{i}\right)\right\|$和$\left\|v\left(t_{j}\right)\right\|$分别为相邻阶段主题语义向量$v\left(t_{i}\right)$和$v\left(t_{j}\right)$的模长;$N_{\mathrm{CS}, i, j}$为主题语义向量v(ti)和v(tj)之间的余弦相似值,取值为0~1,该值越趋向于1,表示2个主题向量越相似;该值越趋向于0,表示2个主题向量差异越大。
量子信息作为当今世界科技领域的研究前沿,对于信息领域具有划时代的意义。本文以Web of Science核心数据集中2004年—2024年10558篇中国量子领域的文献摘要进行分析,并结合一系列相关的长期和短期政策对量子热点主题进行梳理和演化分析,探究政策背景下量子研究的发展趋势。首先,本文通过构建LDA-SciBERT模型来弥补LDA主题模型在语义理解上的不足,根据构建模型对文献数据进行主题挖掘,并对识别出的主题进行可视化展示;其次,根据计算相邻阶段主题间的相似性指标,得出主题演化路径;最后,通过引入主题占比、主题引用量和主题下载量这3个指标,综合评估主题热度,从而探究各阶段的热点主题。
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