眼科AI诊断:真实世界中的挑战与解决方案
李飞 , 梁晓莹 , 汪德明 , 杨泽锋 , 刘潇逸 , 张秀兰 , 林顺潮
科学观察 ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1) :1-21
眼科AI诊断:真实世界中的挑战与解决方案
Ophthalmic AI Diagnostics: Challenges and Solutions in the Real World
[目的/意义] 人工智能(AI)技术的迅速发展带来了眼科诊断模式的新变革,但其在真实世界应用中仍然面临着诸多挑战。探索眼科AI在临床部署和应用中的挑战及相应的解决方案具有重要的现实意义。[方法/过程] 通过文献综述梳理眼科AI的应用现状,总结眼科AI在真实世界应用中所面临的挑战及可能的解决方案。[结果/结论] 眼科AI诊断在真实世界应用中存在数据缺乏与标注困难、准确性偏低及可靠性差等技术难关、面临医患信任度低、伦理与法规问题等诸多挑战。为了克服数据资源的短缺,我们可以采取建立数据共享平台、利用生成数据和增强学习技术等策略来丰富AI模型的训练数据。同时,为了提升医患对AI模型的信任,可以开发更高效的算法模型,整合多源数据进行训练,并加强对医疗人员的AI技术培训。此外,制定和完善相关法律法规及行业标准,建立详尽的数据隐私保护措施,对于填补AI监管的空白至关重要。
[Objective/Significance] The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed ophthalmic diagnostic approaches. However, the deployment of AI in real-world still faces numerous challenges. It is crucial to identify these challenges and explore potential solutions to ensure the effective deployment of ophthalmic AI in clinical practice. [Method/Process] A literature review was conducted to assess the state of the art of ophthalmic AI, identify challenges and explore potential solutions in real-world deployment. [Results/Conclusions] Ophthalmic diagnostic AI faces several challenges in real-world deployment, including limited data, difficulties in data annotation, issues with AI accuracy and reliability, skepticism toward AI among patients and medical professionals, as well as ethical and regulatory concerns. To address the shortage of data, strategies such as establishing data-sharing platforms, utilizing generated data, and applying reinforcement learning can be employed to improve data availability and model performance. Meanwhile, building trust in AI among medical professionals and patients requires developing more efficient algorithms, integrating multimodal data for training, and providing AI relevant courses for healthcare professionals. Furthermore, formulating and refining relevant laws, regulations, and industry standards, as well as establishing comprehensive data privacy protection, are crucial to filling gaps in AI regulation.
人工智能 / 眼科 / 真实世界 / 深度学习 / 挑战 / 解决方案
artificial intelligence / ophthalmology / real-world / deep learning / challenges / solutions
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