该报告以SCI数据库为统计源,利用文献计量学方法,从科研规模和科研效率两个维度对中国科学的整体表现进行了分析。结果表明：2014年,中国科研规模已经具有相当的体量,成为仅次于美国的科研大国;但中国科研活动的效率与世界科技强国相比还存在显著差距,需着重关注科研效率的提升,实现科研大国向强国的转变。

Focusing on scientific research output and drawing on the data provided by the WoS database developed by Thomson Reuters, this report analyzes the overall development of China’s science from the lens of absolute performance and relative performance. The statistics results show that: only second to the USA in terms of output measured by number of SCI papers, China has successfully maintained its high-ranking position in 2014. This, however, does not necessarily mean that China has outstood as a science power, with respect to relative performance, there exists a noticeable gap between China and developed countries. China should focus more on the improvement of the research efficiency, and complete the transformation from increased quantity of research output into improved quality.